and to formulate chitosan-coated alginate microcapsules loaded with the leaf extracts.
The present study was aimed to explore the phytochemicals present in the leaves of the plant Elaeocarpus tectorius (Lour.) Poir.
is one of the least explored plants of this genus. The genus Elaeocarpus comprises nearly three-fifty flowering plant species native to the Tropical and Subtropical Asia and Pacific. The kojic acid molecule of Aspergillus sp., with antibacterial activity and moderate toxicity at the concentrations tested, is a promising prototype of an alternative active principle of an antimicrobial drug. The results of the cytotoxicity test showed that MRC5 cells presented viability at concentrations from 500 to 7.81 μg/mL. NMR and MS analyses demonstrated that the isolated molecule was kojic acid. Seventy-one fractions were collected and TLC analysis suggested the presence of substances with double bond groups: coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic, alkaloids, and terpenes. The extract presented inhibitory activity against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria, with the range of inhibition halos from 5.3 to 14 mm in diameter and an MIC ranging from 500 to 15.6 μg/mL. The elucidated molecule was evaluated for cytotoxicity against the human fibroblast strain (MRC5). The fractions of interest had their chemical constituents elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The extract was subjected to thin layer chromatography (TLC) and fractionated by open and semipreparative column chromatography. The obtained extract was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and Gram-positive and negative bacteria by the “cup plate” method and the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the broth microdilution method. The fungal culture was cultivated in yeast extract agar and sucrose (YES) for cold extraction of the biocompounds in ethyl acetate at 28 ☌ for 7 days in a BOD type incubator. The antimicrobial potential of Aspergillus sp., isolated from the Amazon biome, which is stored at the Amazon Fungi Collection-CFAM at ILMD/FIOCRUZ, was evaluated.
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